Chinese President Xi Jinping conducted a written interview with Reuters on Sunday, in advance of his state visit to Britain. Following is the full text:
在对英国进行国事访问前夕，国家主席习近平10月18日接受了路透社书面采访。全文如下：
1. You will soon pay a state visit to the UK. It is learned that both the royal family and the government of the UK attach great importance to your visit and are making meticulous preparations for it. You visited the UK in the 1990s and what was your impression then? What do you expect from your coming visit to the UK after more than 20 years? What will be its impact on China-UK relations and China-EU relations? Some Britons fear China's intentions and believe that the British government is too eager to please China. How do you ensure that China-UK relationship is mutually beneficial?
问：您即将对英国进行国事访问。据悉英国王室和政府高度重视您的这次重要访问并做了精心安排。在上世纪90年代您曾经访问过英国，您对英国印象如何?对时 隔20多年再次访问英国有何期待?这次访问会对中英关系和中欧关系产生怎样的影响?一些英国人对中国仍然抱有疑虑，认为英国政府急于讨好中国，如何保证英 中关系互利互惠?
A: I visited London, Oxford, Glasgow and Edinburgh in 1994. I was deeply impressed by the visit, particularly Britain's long history, unique culture, friendly people and its beautiful environment.
答：1994年，我访问过伦敦、牛津、格拉斯哥、爱丁堡等地。那次访问给我留下了深刻印象，特别是英国悠久的历史、独特的文化、友好的人民、优美的环境令人难忘。
During my upcoming state visit to the UK at the invitation of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, I look forward to having discussions with British leaders and engaging the British public on our bilateral ties. I hope this will chart the course for the future growth of China-UK relations, inject new impetus in practical cooperation between our two countries in all fields and enable us to jointly usher in a "golden time" for China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership.
这次我应伊丽莎白二世女王邀请对英国进行国事访问，期待着同英国领导人和各界朋友共商两国关系发展大计，为今后一个时期中英关系绘制路线图，为两国各领域务实合作注入新动力，共同开启中英全面战略伙伴关系的“黄金时代”。
Public opinion surveys conducted in Britain show that views of China are largely favorable among the British people. Our two peoples appreciate each other's time-honored and unique cultures. This is an important foundation and favorable condition for growing bilateral ties. It is true that some people have some misgivings about China-UK cooperation. What I want to stress is that in today's world, no country can afford to pursue development with its door closed. One should open the door, warmly welcome friends and be hospitable to them. This is recognized international practice. The UK has stated that it will be the Western country that is most open to China. This is a visionary and strategic choice that fully meets Britain's own long-term interest. China looks forward to engaging with the UK in a wider range, at a higher level and in greater depth.
有关民意调查显示，英国民众对中国持较高的好感度。中英两国人民相互欣赏对方创造的悠久而特殊的文化，这是两国关系发展的重要基础和有利条件。当然，也有人对中英合作抱有这样那样的疑虑。我想强调的是，当今世界，任何国家都不能关起门来搞建设。打开门，就要热情接待四方来客。对客人热情周到，是世界公认的待客之道。英国表示愿做对华最开放的西方国家，这是一个明智的战略选择，也完全符合英国自身的长远利益。中国期待着同英国在更大范围、更高水平、更深层次上开展合作。
In recent years, while global growth has slowed down, China-UK investment and business cooperation has kept growing. The UK has become the EU's second largest investor in China as well as China's second largest trading partner and investment destination in the EU. China has been the UK's second largest non-EU trading partner. In 2014, China-UK trade volume for the first time exceeded 80 billion U.S. dollars, and China's import from the UK has doubled in five years. Two-way investment between China and the UK has grown rapidly. China's investment in the UK has risen at an annual rate of 71.7 percent over the past three years. Last year, the UK investment in China increased by 87.6 percent year-on-year, the fastest among major EU countries.
近年来，世界经济增长总体放缓，但中英两国投资经贸合作持续发展。英国已经成为欧盟内第二大对华投资国、中国在欧盟内第二大贸易伙伴和投资目的国，中国则 是英国在欧盟外第二大贸易伙伴。2014年，中英双边贸易额首次突破800亿美元，中国自英国进口额5年内增长了两倍。中英双向投资增长迅猛。过去3年， 中国对英国投资年均增长71.7%。去年，英国对中国投资同比增长87.6%，增速位居欧盟大国首位。
The British government has introduced ambitious plans on upgrading infrastructure, building the Northern Powerhouse in the north of England and implementing the strategy of UK Industry 2050. These plans and the "Road and Belt Initiative" and the initiatives of "Made in China 2025" and "Internet Plus" undertaken by China complement each other in many ways. China is ready to partner with the UK in the spirit of inclusiveness, opening up and seeking win-win progress through cooperation to upgrade and expand cooperation to deliver more benefits to our two peoples.
当前，英国政府制定了基础设施改造升级、打造“英格兰北部经济中心”、“英国工业2050战略”等宏大计划，这与中国提出的“一带一路”倡议、“中国制造2025”、“互联网+”等有很多合作契合点。中国愿同英国一道，秉持包容开放、合作共赢理念，提高合作水平，拓展合作领域，更好造福两国人民。
This year marks the beginning of the second decade of the China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership and the 40th anniversary of China-EU diplomatic ties. Both China-UK relationship and China-EU relationship face important opportunities to build on past success for new progress. Since the UK is an important member of the EU, China-UK relationship and China-EU relationship reinforce each other. During my visit to the EU Headquarters last year, EU leaders and I agreed to build China-EU partnership of peace, growth, reform and civilization. I believe new progress in China-UK relationship will inject new momentum into the growth of China-EU relationship across the board and make new contribution to the building of China-EU partnership as a whole.
今年是中英全面战略伙伴关系第二个10年的开局之年，也是中欧建交40周年。中英关系和中欧关系发展面临继往开来的重要机遇。英国是欧盟重要成员国，中英关系同中欧关系相辅相成。去年，我对欧盟总部进行访问，同欧盟领导人一致商定，要打造中欧和平、增长、改革、文明四大伙伴关系。相信中英关系新发展将为中欧关系全面推进注入新动力，为促进中欧四大伙伴关系建设作出新贡献。
2. London is one of the world's financial centers, and is keen to play an important role in China's financial development, whether by serving as an offshore trading hub for the renminbi or by possibly one day having a trading link between London and Shanghai stock exchanges. What role do you envision London playing in the modernization and globalization of the Chinese currency and stock markets?
问：伦敦是全球金融中心之一。无论是作为人民币离岸交易中心，还是今后通过实现“伦沪通”，伦敦希望在中国金融市场发展过程中扮演重要角色。您认为在中国金融市场现代化和全球化发展进程中，伦敦能够发挥什么样的作用?
A: The reform and opening up of China's financial sector has made remarkable progress since China embarked on the path of reform and opening up 37 years ago. This has been especially obvious in the past several years. China will continue to adopt multiple measures to advance the reform and opening up of its financial sector so that its financial market can better adapt to financial modernization and globalization.
答：改革开放37年特别是近几年来，中国金融业改革开放进展显著。中国将继续采取多种措施，推进金融业改革开放，使中国金融市场更加适应金融现代化和全球化发展的要求。
As one of the global financial centers, London is an important pump station in the world economic lifeline, so to speak. Strengthened financial cooperation with London is definitely a win-win choice for both countries. China-UK financial cooperation started early. It has enjoyed rapid growth, has tremendous potential and leads China-UK cooperation in various areas. We have accomplished much in recent years. Our two countries signed the bilateral currency swap agreement. China set up an RMB clearing bank in London. The UK became the first country outside Asia to obtain the RQFII initial investment quota, the first Western country to issue RMB-denominated sovereign bond and the first major developed country to include RMB into its foreign exchange reserves. This is a highlight in our bilateral cooperation.
伦敦是世界金融中心之一，是世界经济血液循环的一个重要泵站。加强同伦敦的金融合作，肯定是互利双赢的选项。中英两国金融合作起步早、发展快、潜力大，走在各领域合作前列。近年来，两国签署了双边本币互换协议，中国在伦敦设立人民币清算行，英国成为亚洲以外首个获批人民币合格境外机构投资者初始额度的国家、首个发行人民币主权债券的西方国家、首个将人民币纳入外汇储备的主要发达国家。这是双方合作的一大亮点。
Back in 2012, London officially launched the plan of Center of RMB Business. London has since then become one of the most dynamic and most important RMB trading centers and offshore RMB markets. In 2014, RMB trading in London grew by 143 percent year-on-year and its RMB deposits reached 20 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 37 percent.
伦敦早在2012年就正式启动了“人民币业务中心计划”。经过几年发展，伦敦已经成为最具活力和最重要的人民币交易中心和离岸人民币市场之一。2014年，伦敦的人民币外汇交易规模同比增长143%，人民币存款规模达到200亿元，同比增长37%。
When conditions are in place, China is ready to consider strengthening the connectivity of the financial markets of the two countries. London can leverage its unique strengths in the financial field to get actively involved in the modernization and globalization of China' s financial market.
只要条件具备，中国愿意积极考虑加强两国金融市场互联互通。伦敦可以发挥金融领域的独特优势，在中国金融市场现代化和全球化发展进程中发挥积极作用。
3. Chinese companies are expected to take a stake in the nuclear power plant in southwest England. This is in line with plans announced by your government earlier this year to help Chinese firms in areas such as high-speed rail and nuclear power to expand overseas. What role do you hope to see Chinese companies playing in the global markets over the next decade? Do you think that opposition could derail China's participation in such projects overseas? Will such opposition lead to fresh trade frictions? Is such state-subsidized, state-directed expansion of Chinese industry abroad fair to other market players and in line with China's professed desire for a more market-driven economy?
问：中国企业可能参与英格兰西南部核电站建设。中国政府今年早些时候宣布将支持中国企业在诸如高铁和核电等领域拓展海外市场。未来10年，您希望看到中国 企业在全球市场发挥什么样的作用?您认为中国企业拓展海外市场会遇到哪些阻力?是否会导致新的贸易摩擦?中国政府采取国家补贴等方式支持中国企业在海外进 行拓展，对其他市场主体是否公平?是否符合中国发展市场经济的目标?
A: China is intensifying its reform and opening-up drive, which means both opening up its economy further to attract foreign investment and encourage Chinese firms to make overseas investment. This is natural when a country reaches a particular stage of development and when a company grows bigger, and this is what all big companies in the world are doing.
答：中国对外开放不断走向深入，这既包括中国打开大门吸引外资，也包括中国企业走出国门进行投资。这是一国经济发展到一定阶段必然发生的事情，也是企业要发展壮大必然进行的事情。世界各大企业都走这条路。
Having benefited from the world economy, Chinese companies should contribute their share to world economic development. China has grown into a global manufacturing power, with particular strengths at the middle rung of the global industrial chain. Many Chinese industrial sectors and equipment making capacity, including the building of high-speed railway and nuclear power stations as well as automobiles making, are advanced and competitive internationally, and meet the demand and absorbing capacity of many countries. China is ready to pursue cooperation of various forms with the UK and other countries in international production capacity and equipment manufacturing to synergize our respective strengths and promote each other's development. The Hinkley Point is the product of tripartite cooperation among China, the UK and France. I hope that the companies of the three countries will fully leverage their respective strengths to ensure the successful launch of this project and deliver benefits to the British people.
中国企业发展得益于世界经济，应该为世界经济发展作出贡献。中国已经成为世界制造业大国，突出优势是处于全球产业链中游，高铁、核电、汽车等一大批产业和 装备处于国际先进水平，性价比好，符合很多国家需求和承接能力。中国愿同包括英国在内的各国开展多种形式的国际产能和装备制造合作，把各自比较优势衔接起来，实现联动发展。欣克利角核电站项目是中英法三方合作的产物，希望三国企业充分发挥各自优势，确保项目顺利实施，造福英国人民。
It is normal for a company to encounter various problems when making investment, whether domestically or overseas. When doing business, one should focus on business. Problems that occur in business operations should not be politicized, and Chinese companies should not be viewed with bias. Competition is necessary for a business to grow, and no one will give away a market to its rivals. We hope that such competition is benign and market-based. There should be no swing doors or glass doors which are placed as non-economic or non-market-based barriers. Unlike established multinational companies, Chinese companies still lack experience in making investment overseas. They need to better adapt to local laws and regulations, technological standards, marketing, human resources management rules, local cultures, etc. Chinese companies will learn a lot and emerge successful in fierce international competition.
对外投资遇到一些摩擦属于正常的营商范畴。任何企业只要开展经营活动，不论是在国内还是在国外，总会遇到这样那样的问题。在商言商，不能把企业在经营过程中产生的矛盾政治化，不要带着偏见看待中国企业。企业发展当然要竞争，没有人会把市场拱手让给竞争对手。我们希望这种竞争是良性的、符合市场规律的，而不要设置一些非经济、非市场的“弹簧门”、“玻璃门”。同世界上老牌的大公司对比，中国企业走出去还缺乏经验，在适应各国法律制度、技术标准、市场营销、人员管理、当地文化等方面的能力需要不断提高。在激烈的国际竞争中，中国企业会学到很多，会越做越好。
The Chinese government supports Chinese companies in going global. But we believe that this process should be market-oriented with companies being the main driver. The role of the Chinese government is to secure and create a favorable political environment and a fair legal framework for Chinese companies. This is what all governments are doing, and I think the Western countries are doing better than us. Even under market conditions, countries support the growth of their companies in various ways, and such measures should not be all labelled as government subsidy. China's system is different from that of Western countries. Due to historical reasons, Chinese companies perform many social functions, which are hard to measure with a simple arithmetic formula.
中国政府支持企业走出去，但强调要坚持以企业为主体，以市场为导向。中国政府的作用是为企业争取和创造良好的政治环境和公平的制度框架。这是各国政府都会 做的事，而且西方国家做得比我们好。即便在市场经济条件下，各国对企业发展都会有形式多样的支持措施，不能简单把这些都看成是国家补贴。中国和西方国家体 制不同，由于历史原因，中国企业往往承担了大量社会职能，难以用一种简单的数学公式来计算。
In the coming decade, China's overseas investment will continue to grow and is forecast to reach 1.25 trillion U.S. dollars. This will provide more opportunities for China-UK cooperation. The Chinese and British companies may also engage in tripartite cooperation in developing countries to integrate the upper stream, middle stream and lower stream of the global value chain and share development opportunities.
未来10年，中国对外投资将持续增长，有关机构测算将超过1.25万亿美元，这将为中英合作提供更多宝贵机遇。两国企业还可以加强在发展中国家的三方合作，把全球价值链的上、中、下游结合起来，共享发展机遇。
4. Britain was the first European country to sign up for membership of the new Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). China has promised that the new bank will be transparent and have high governance standards. How will China ensure that the AIIB really will be transparent and have world-class governance?
问：英国是首个申请加入亚洲基础设施投资银行的欧洲国家。中国承诺亚洲基础设施投资银行将透明运作，并实施高标准管理。中国将如何确保亚洲基础设施投资银行运作真正做到透明并实现世界一流管理?
A: China's initiative to establish the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank aims to promote infrastructure development and connectivity in Asia and boost regional cooperation.
答：中国提出筹建亚洲基础设施投资银行，目的是推动亚洲地区基础设施建设和互联互通，深化区域合作。
The AIIB is an international financial institution whose rules of operation are decided by its members through consultation, not by China alone. We agree that the AIIB should fully draw on the experience and practices of other multilateral development banks, observe high international standards in terms of governance structure, operation guidelines, and human resources management, and ensure its professional and efficient operation as well as transparency and integrity. During the negotiation over the AIIB agreement, 57 prospective founding members acted on the principle of openness, inclusion, professionalism and transparency, and concluded a high-quality agreement text. A total of 53 prospective founding members have signed the agreement.
亚投行是一个国际性的金融机构，其规章制度和运作要由各成员国协商决定，并不是中国一家说了就算的。中国赞成亚投行充分借鉴现有多边开发银行的经验和做 法，在治理结构、业务政策、人力资源管理等方面坚持国际性、规范性、高标准，确保专业运营、高效运作、透明廉洁。在《亚洲基础设施投资银行协定》谈判过程 中，57个意向创始成员国秉承开放、包容、专业、透明的原则，达成了高质量的协定文本，53个意向创始成员国已经签署了协定。
I know that this agreement has drawn on the practices of existing multilateral development banks in many ways. It has also made some breakthroughs and explored new ways of operation. For example, in terms of governance structure, AIIB has, with reference to the common practice of multilateral development banks, set up a three-tiered structure, consisting of a board of governors, a board of directors and a management team. It has also put in place an oversight mechanism in line with the principle of transparency, openness, independence and accountability. It is specified in the agreement that the management team will be selected through an open, transparent and merit-based process. This is a new principle not included in the constitution of existing major multilateral development banks. Another example is that the AIIB places no restriction on the procurement of goods and services from any country, and again this is not the case in the other regional multilateral development banks.
据我了解，这个协定在很多方面借鉴了现有多边开发银行的做法，同时还有所突破和创新。比如，在治理结构上，亚投行按照多边开发银行的通行做法，设立理事会、董事会、管理层三层管理架构，还根据透明、公开、独立、问责的原则建立了银行监督机制。协定中明确写入了“公开、透明、择优”的遴选管理层原则，是一项区别于现有主要多边开发银行章程的创新之举。又比如，亚投行项目采购面向全球所有国家，不局限于成员国，这同其他一些区域性多边开发银行不同。
The AIIB prospective founding members are working on the specific operation guidelines in accordance with the agreement. The relationship between the AIIB and existing multilateral development banks is a cooperative and complementary one. The AIIB will engage in cooperation with them in terms of sharing expertise, capacity building and joint financing.
目前，各意向创始成员国正按照协定的规定和精神协商制定具体的业务政策和规章。亚投行同现有多边开发银行是合作互补关系，未来将在知识共享、能力建设、联合融资等方面积极开展合作。
China commends and welcomes the UK joining into the AIIB. We are ready to work with the UK and all other prospective founding members to build the AIIB into a professional and efficient infrastructure financing platform to contribute to the development of Asia and beyond.
中国积极评价并欢迎英国加入亚投行，愿同包括英方在内的各意向创始成员国一道，将亚投行打造成专业、高效的基础设施投融资平台，为亚洲和全球发展事业作出积极贡献。